A new coupled three-form dark energy model and implications for the $H_0$ tension

Abstract

We propose a new coupled three-form dark energy model to relieve the Hubble tension in this paper. Firstly, by performing a dynamical analysis with the coupled three-form dark energy model, we obtain four fixed points, including a saddle point representing a radiation dominated Universe, a saddle point representing a matter dominated Universe, and two attractors representing two saturated de Sitter Universes. Secondly, by confronting the coupled three-form dark energy model and the $\Lambda$ cold dark matter model (the $\Lambda$CDM model) with cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO), Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) observations, we obtain $H_0= 67.8_{-0.6}^{+0.7}$($1\sigma$ level) km/s/Mpc for the coupled three-form dark energy model and $H_0=67.6_{-0.5}^{+0.5}$($1\sigma$ level) km/s/Mpc for the $\Lambda$CDM model, the former is in strong tension with the latest local measured $H_0$ value at $4.3\sigma$ confidence level, while the latter is in strong tension with the latest local measured $H_0$ value at $5.1\sigma$ level.