Interpreting systems of continuity equations in spaces of probability measures through PDE duality

Abstract

We introduce a notion of duality solution for a single or a system of transport equations in spaces of probability measures reminiscent of the viscosity solution notion for nonlinear parabolic equations. Our notion of solution by duality is, under suitable assumptions, equivalent to gradient flow solutions in case the single/system of equations has this structure. In contrast, we can deal with a quite general system of nonlinear nonlocal, diffusive or not, system of PDEs without any variational structure.