Non-holomorphic Eisenstein series for certain Fuchsian groups and class numbers

Abstract

We study certain types of Fuchsian groups of the first kind denoted by $R(N)$, which coincide with the Fricke groups or the arithmetic Hecke triangle groups of low levels. We find all elliptic points and cusps of $R(p)$ for a prime $p$, and prove that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the set of equivalence classes of elliptic points of $R(p)$ and the imaginary quadratic class group. We also find the explicit formula of the Fourier expansion of the non-holomorphic Eisenstein series for $R(N)$ and study their analytic properties. These non-holomorphic Eisenstein series together with cusp forms provide a basis for the space of polyharmonic Maass forms for $R(N)$.