On the Almkvist-Meurman theorem for Bernoulli polynomials

Abstract

Almkvist and Meurman showed that if h and k are integers, then so is $k^n(B_n(h/k) - B_n)$ where $B_n(u)$ is the Bernoulli polynomial. We give here a new and simpler proof of the Almkvist-Meurman theorem using generating functions. We describe some properties of these numbers and prove a common generalization of the Almkvist-Meurman theorem and a result of Gy on Bernoulli-Stirling numbers. We then give a simple generating function proof of an analogue of the Almkvist-Meurman theorem for Euler polynomials, due to Fox.