Cyclotron- and magnetoplasmon resonances in bilayer graphene ratchets

Abstract

We report on a tunable - by magnetic field and gate voltage - conversion of terahertz radiation into a dc current in spatially modulated bilayer graphene. We experimentally demonstrate that the underlying physics is related to the so-called ratchet effect. Our key findings are the direct observation of a sharp cyclotron resonance in the photocurrent and the demonstration of two effects caused by electron-electron interaction: the plasmonic splitting of the resonance due to long-range Coulomb coupling and the partial suppression of its second harmonic due to fast interparticle collisions. We develop a theory which perfectly fits our data. We argue that the ratchet current is generated in the hydrodynamic regime of non-ideal electron liquid.