Stability of the positive mass theorem and torus rigidity theorems under integral curvature bounds

Abstract

Work of D. Stern and Bray-Kazaras-Khuri-Stern provide differential-geometric identities which relate the scalar curvature of Riemannian 3-manifolds to global invariants in terms of harmonic functions. These quantitative formulas are useful for stability results and show promise for more applications of this type. In this paper, we analyze harmonic maps to flat model spaces in order to address conjectures concerning the geometric stability of the positive mass theorem and the Geroch conjecture. By imposing integral Ricci curvature and isoperimetric bounds, we leverage the previously mentioned formulas to establish strong control on these harmonic maps. When the mass of an asymptotically flat manifold is sufficiently small or when a Riemannian torus has almost non-negative scalar curvature, we upgrade the maps to diffeomorphisms and give quantitative H\"older closeness to the model spaces.