Water surface swimming dynamics in lightweight centipedes

Abstract

Study of the locomotion of a centipede (L. forficatus) at the air-water interface reveals that it does not predominantly use its 14 leg pairs to locomote; unlike most swimmers which propagate head-to-tail body bending waves, this species propels via tail-to-head waves. Its low mass and body-fluid contact yield locomotion dynamics in which fluid wave drag forces dominate inertia. Microorganism-inspired wave drag resistive force theory captures swimming performance of the macroscale animal, motivating a control hypothesis for the animals self-propulsion body and limb kinematics.