Using black holes as rechargeable batteries and nuclear reactors

Abstract

This paper proposes physical processes to use a Schwarzschild black hole as a rechargeable battery and nuclear reactor. As a rechargeable battery, it can at most transform 25\% of input mass into available electric energy in a controllable and slow way. We study its internal resistance, efficiency of discharging, maximum output power, cycle life and totally available energy. As a nuclear reactor, it realizes an effective nuclear reaction ``$\alpha$ particles+black hole$\rightarrow$positrions+black hole'' and can transform 25\% mass of $\alpha$-particle into the kinetic energy of positrons. This process amplifies the available kinetic energy of natural decay hundreds of times. Since some tiny sized primordial black holes are suspected to have an appreciable density in dark matters, the result of this paper implies that such black-hole-originated dark matters can be used as reactors to supply energy.