Bloch Surface Wave-atom Coupling in Periodic Photonic Structure

Abstract

Considering efforts for hot atom vapor-nanophotonic integration as a new paradigm in quantum optics in this paper we introduce 1D photonic crystal-Rb vapor cell as structure with miniaturized interaction volume. The Bloch surface wave excited on surface of a photonic crystal as electromagnetic hosting photonic mode, and altered the optical response of Rb atoms in the vicinity of surface. Coupling of atomic states with BSW confined modes would lead to quantum interference effects and results in nonlinearities in resonant coupling of atoms with BSW. We show Bloch surface wave induced transparency is highly stable under a change of incidence angle. Our results show slight changes in transitions detunings due to nonlinear interactions like the Casimir-Polder effect under change of localized density of optical states.