Lorentz Dissociation of Hydrogen Ions in a Cyclotron
Abstract
Stripping extraction of hydrogen molecular ions has gained interest in the cyclotron industry due to its high extraction efficiency. However, the magnetic field could result in undesired Lorentz dissociation of the hydrogen anion/molecular ions during acceleration. Studies of dissociation under electric fields comparable to that of a Lorentz-transformed magnetic field in a typical cyclotron (a few MV/cm) are sparse. Hence, in order to fill in the missing yet crucial information when designing a cyclotron, this work compiles and summarizes the study of Lorentz dissociation of H-, H2+ and H3+ for stripping extraction in a cyclotron.
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