Quadripartite bond length rule applied to two prototypical aromatic and antiaromatic molecules

Abstract

In 2000, a remarkably simple relationship was introduced, which connected the calculated geometries of isomolecular states of three different multiplicities. These encompass a ground singlet state, the first excited triplet state, as well as related radical anion and radical cation. The rule allows prediction of geometry of one of the species if the three remaining ones are known. Here, we verify applicability of this bond length rule for two small planar cyclic organic molecules, i.e. benzene and cyclobutadiene, which stand as prototypical examples of, respectively, aromatic and antiaromatic systems. We see that the rule works fairly well to benzene and it works independently for quinoid as well as for anti-quinoid minima, and despite the fact that radical anion species poses challenges for correct theoretical description.