The Hardy inequality and large time behaviour of the heat equation on $\mathbb{R}^{N-k}\times (0,\infty)^k$

Abstract

In this paper we study the large time asymptotic behaviour of the heat equation with Hardy inverse-square potential on corner spaces $\mathbb{R}^{N-k}\times (0,\infty)^k$, $k\geq 0$. We first show a new improved Hardy-Poincar\'{e} inequality for the quantum harmonic oscillator with Hardy potential. In view of that, we construct the appropriate functional setting in order to pose the Cauchy problem. Then we obtain optimal polynomial large time decay rates and subsequently the first term in the asymptotic expansion of the solutions in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^{N-k}\times (0,\infty)^k)$. Particularly, we extend and improve the results obtained by V\'{a}zquez and Zuazua (J. Funct. Anal. 2000), which correspond to the case $k=0$, to any $k\geq 0$. We emphasize that the higher the value of $k$ the better time decay rates are. We employ a different and simplified approach than V\'{a}zquez and Zuazua, managing to remove the usage of spherical harmonics decomposition in our analysis.