Roth's Theorem and the Hardy--Littlewood majorant problem for thin subsets of primes

Abstract

We introduce a wide class of deterministic subsets of primes of zero relative density and we prove Roth's Theorem in these sets, namely, we show that any subset of them with positive relative upper density contains infinitely many non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions. We also prove that the Hardy--Littlewood majorant property holds for these subsets of primes. Notably, our considerations recover the results for the Piatetski--Shapiro primes for exponents close to $1$, which are primes of the form $\lfloor n^c\rfloor$ for a fixed $c>1$.