Measuring nonlocal three-body spatial correlations with Rydberg trimers in ultracold quantum gases
Abstract
We measure nonlocal third-order spatial correlations in non-degenerate ultracold gases of bosonic (84Sr) and spin-polarized fermionic (87Sr) strontium through studies of the formation rates for ultralong-range trimer Rydberg molecules. The trimer production rate is observed to be very sensitive to the effects of quantum statistics with a strong enhancement of up to a factor of six (3!) in the case of bosonic 84Sr due to bunching, and a marked reduction for spin-polarized fermionic 87Sr due to anti-bunching. The experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions and good agreement is observed. The present approach opens the way to in situ studies of higher-order nonlocal spatial correlations in a wide array of ultracold atomic-gas systems.
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