Charge 4e superconductivity and chiral metal in the $45^\circ$-twisted bilayer cuprates and similar bilayers

Abstract

The material realization of the charge-4e/6e superconductivity (SC) is a big challenge. Here we propose realization of the charge-4e SC and chiral metal through stacking a homo-bilayer with the largest twist angle, forming the twist-bilayer quasi-crystal (TB-QC), exampled by the 45$^\circ$-twisted bilayer cuprates and 30$^\circ$-twisted bilayer graphene. When each mononlayer hosts a pairing state with the largest pairing angular momentum, previous studies yield that the second-order interlayer Josephson coupling would drive chiral topological SC (TSC) in the TB-QC. Here we propose that, above the $T_c$ of the chiral TSC, either the total- or relative- pairing phase of the two layers can be unilateral quasi-ordered or ordered, leading to the charge-4e SC or the chiral metal phase. Based on a thorough symmetry analysis to get the low-energy effective Hamiltonian, we conduct a combined renormalization-group and Monte-Carlo study and obtain the phase diagram, which includes the charge-4e SC and chiral metal phases.