Distributed CONGEST Algorithm for Finding Hamiltonian Paths in Dirac Graphs and Generalizations

Abstract

We study the problem of finding a Hamiltonian cycle under the promise that the input graph has a minimum degree of at least $n/2$, where $n$ denotes the number of vertices in the graph. The classical theorem of Dirac states that such graphs (a.k.a. Dirac graphs) are Hamiltonian, i.e., contain a Hamiltonian cycle. Moreover, finding a Hamiltonian cycle in Dirac graphs can be done in polynomial time in the classical centralized model. This paper presents a randomized distributed CONGEST algorithm that finds w.h.p. a Hamiltonian cycle (as well as maximum matching) within $O(\log n)$ rounds under the promise that the input graph is a Dirac graph. This upper bound is in contrast to general graphs in which both the decision and search variants of Hamiltonicity require $\tilde{\Omega}(n^2)$ rounds, as shown by Bachrach et al. [PODC'19]. In addition, we consider two generalizations of Dirac graphs: Ore graphs and Rahman-Kaykobad graphs [IPL'05]. In Ore graphs, the sum of the degrees of every pair of non-adjacent vertices is at least $n$, and in Rahman-Kaykobad graphs, the sum of the degrees of every pair of non-adjacent vertices plus their distance is at least $n+1$. We show how our algorithm for Dirac graphs can be adapted to work for these more general families of graphs.