Elliptic flow of inclusive charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at $E_{lab} = 35\mathrm{~A~GeV}$ using the PHSD model

Abstract

Elliptic flow ($v_2$) measurements of inclusive charged hadrons at mid-rapidity ($|\eta| <$ 1.0) in Au+Au collisions at $E_{lab} = 35\mathrm{~A~GeV}$ using the Parton Hadron String Dynamics (PHSD) model are presented as a function of centrality, transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) and pseudo-rapidity ($\eta$). The $v_2$ results are obtained using the $\eta$-sub event plane method with respect to event plane angle ($\psi_{2}$) and participant plane angle ($\psi_{2}^{PP}$). $p_\mathrm{T}$-integrated charged hadron $v_2$ shows a strong centrality dependence in Au+Au collisions at $E_{lab} = 35\mathrm{~A~GeV}$. The eccentricity scaled elliptic flow ($v_2/\varepsilon_2$) also shows centrality dependence. The higher values of $v_2/\varepsilon_2$ in central collisions suggest development of stronger collectivity. The measurements are compared with the results from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 7.7\mathrm{~GeV}$ published by the STAR experiment at RHIC. We also compare results of HSD and PHSD modes of the model to investigate contribution of hadronic and partonic phases of the medium on the measured $v_2$. The current results serve as a prediction of the collective behavior of the matter produced in baryon rich and moderate temperature conditions for the upcoming Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). These predictions are also useful for the interpretation of data measured at RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) program.