Ground-based Solar Observations for Space Weather Forecasting

Abstract

The possibilities of organizing an observation service for solar activity in order to provide space weather forecasting are considered. The most promising at this stage is the creation of a ground-based observation network. Such a network should include solar magnetographs that provide observation of large-scale magnetic fields of the Sun, and patrol optical telescopes designed to detect coronal mass ejections and solar flares. The data of magnetographic observations provide an assessment of recurrent solar winds. Patrol telescopes operating in continuous mode allow detecting the moments of eruption and determining the parameters of coronal mass ejections at the initial stage of acceleration. The network service can be supplemented with other types of observations in the radio and optical bands. The paper considers the composition of observational tools, as well as methods and models for forecasting.