A Crossover phase transition based on the phenomenology of hadronic matter and quark matter

Abstract

The phase transition calculations are utilized for an in-depth understanding of the thermodynamics of the deconfinement transition to perform the best analysis of the QCD phase diagram. The phenomenological justifications for a mathematical approach to constructing the phase transition are found based on the properties of hadronic matter at low densities as well as quark matter at high densities. We modify both the quark matter equation of state by confining effects at low densities and the hadronic matter equation of state by excluded volume effects at higher densities. Over the intermediate densities, the transition from the hadronic phase to the quark phase is modified by the surface tension between to phases. The results are in agreement with the observational constraints of neutron stars.