Phonon-Mediated ${\bf S}$-Wave Superconductivity in the Kagome Metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ under Pressure

Abstract

The nature of the superconducting pairing state in the pristine phase of a compressed kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ under pressure is studied by the Migdal-Eliashberg formalism and density-functional theory calculations. We find that the superconducting gap distribution driven by electron-phonon coupling is nodeless and anisotropic. It is revealed that the hybridized V 3$d$ and Sb 5$p$ orbitals are strongly coupled to the V-V bond-stretching and V-Sb bond-bending phonon modes, giving rise to a wide spread of superconducting gap depending on its associated Fermi-surface sheets and momentum. Specifically, the superconducting gaps associated with V 3$d_{xy,x^2-y^2,z^2}$ and 3$d_{xz,yz}$ orbitals are larger in their average magnitude and more widely spread compared to that associated with the Sb 5$p_z$ orbital. Our findings demonstrate that the superconductivity of compressed CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ can be explained by the anisotropic multiband pairing mechanism with conventional phonon-mediated $s$-wave symmetry, evidenced by recent experimental observations under pressure as well as at ambient pressure.