Nonclassicality of photon-added-then-subtracted and photon-subtracted-then-added states

Abstract

We formulate the density matrices of a quantum state obtained by first adding multi-photons to and then subtracting multi-photons from any arbitrary state as well as performing the same process in the reverse order. Considering the field to be initially in a thermal (or in an even coherent) state, we evaluate the photon number distribution, Wigner function and Mandel's $Q$ parameter of the resulting field. We show graphically that in which order multi-photons are added and subtracted has a noticeable effect on the temporal behavior of these statistical properties.