Optimal performance of voltage-probe quantum heat engines

Abstract

The thermoelectric performance at a given output power of a voltage-probe heat engine, exposed to an external magnetic field, is investigated in linear irreversible thermodynamics. For the model, asymmetric parameter, general figures of merit and efficiency at a given output power are analytically derived. Results show a trade-off between efficiency and output power, and we recognize optimum-efficiency values at a given output power are enhanced compared to a B\"uttiker-probe heat engine due to the presence of a characteristic parameter, namely $d_m$. Moreover, similar to a B\"uttiker-probe heat engine, the universal bounds on the efficiency are obtained, and the efficiency at a given output power can exceed the Curzon-Ahlborn limit. These findings have practical implications for the optimization of realistic heat engines and refrigerators. By controlling the values of the asymmetric parameter, the figures of merit, and $d_m$, it may be possible to design more efficient and powerful thermoelectric devices.