A least-squares space-time approach for parabolic equations

Abstract

We propose a least squares formulation for abstract parabolic equations in the natural $L^2(0,T;V^\star)\times H$ norm which only relies on natural regularity assumptions on the data of the problem. The resulting bilinear form then is symmetric, coercive and continuous. We provide two space-time Galerkin frameworks for the numerical approximation. The first one uses a conformal discretization of the underlying bilinear system and relies on the fact that the $V^*-$norm of basis functions can be evaluated exactly. The second approach is nonconforming an replaces the evaluation of the $V^*-$norm by a discrete pendant. We prove convergence for both approaches and illustrate our analytical findings by selected numerical experiments.