Discovery of an Extended $\gamma$-ray Emission around the Supernova Remnant Candidate associated with PSR J0837$-$2454

Abstract

Motivated by the recent discovery of a low surface brightness diffuse emission, a supernova remnant (SNR) candidate, surrounding the young pulsar PSR~J0837--2454, we carry out a likelihood analysis of the $\gamma$-ray data obtained by the \emph{Fermi} Gamma-ray Space Telescope from August 2008 to November 2022. Using a 2D Gaussian spatial template, we detect a significant extended $\gamma$-ray emission with a 68\% containment radius of $\sim1^{\circ}.8$, which is spatially coincident with the new SNR candidate at $\sim12\sigma$ confidence level. The spectrum of the extended $\gamma$-ray emission, obtained in the energy range of 0.1-500.0 GeV, shows a significant spectral curvature at $\sim$1 GeV, with a log-parabola spectral shape. Several scenarios, such as the SNR, pulsar wind nebula, and pulsar halo, are discussed as the potential origins of the extended $\gamma$-ray emission, and our model fitting results are preferred for the SNR scenario.