The zoo of isolated neutron stars

Abstract

In this brief review I summarize our basic knowledge about different types of isolated neutron stars. I discuss radio pulsars, central compact objects in supernova remnants, magnetars, near-by cooling neutron stars (aka the Magnificent seven), and sources of fast radio bursts. Several scenarios of magneto-rotational evolution are presented. Recent observational data, in the first place -- discovery of long period radio pulsar, require non-trivial evolution of magnetics fields or/and spin periods of neutron stars. In some detail I discuss different models of magnetic field decay and interaction of young neutron stars with fallback matter.