Majorana zero modes in Y-shape interacting Kitaev wires

Abstract

Motivated by the recent experimental realization of minimal Kitaev chains using quantum dots, we investigate the Majorana zero modes (MZM) in $Y$-shape Kitaev wires. We solve the associated Kitaev models analytically at the sweet spot ($t_h=\Delta$) and derive the exact form of MZM wave-functions in this geometry. The novelty of our result is the observation of multi-site MZMs located near the junction center on the nearby edge sites of each leg. This result is important for potential braiding of Majoranas and the performance of $Y$-junctions made from arrays of quantum dots. Furthermore, we study the stability of local (single-site) and multi-site MZMs modes in the presence of Coulomb repulsion, using density matrix renormalization group theory. Our local density-of-states calculation shows that these multi-site MZMs are as equally topologically protected as the single-site MZMs when in the presence of Coulomb repulsion or when away from the sweet-spot.