Hidden multiscale organization and robustness of real multiplex networks

Abstract

Hidden geometry enables the investigation of complex networks at different scales. Extending this framework to multiplex networks, we uncover a novel kind of mesoscopic organization in real multiplex systems, named $\textit{clan}$, a group of nodes that preserve their local geometric arrangement across layers. Furthermore, we reveal the intimate relationship between the unfolding of clan structure and mutual percolation against targeted attacks, leading to an ambivalent role of clans: making a system fragile yet less prone to complete shattering. Finally, we confirm the correlation between the multiscale nature of geometric organization and the overall robustness. Our findings expand the significance of hidden geometry in network function, while also highlighting potential pitfalls in evaluating and controlling catastrophic failure of multiplex systems.