K2 & TESS observations of symbiotic X-ray binaries: GX 1+4 and IGR J16194-2810

Abstract

I analyze the K2 and TESS data taken in 2016, 2019 and 2021 of the symbiotic X-ray binaries GX 1+4 and IGR J16194-2810. GX 1+4 consists of a pulsar accreting from a red giant companion in a 1160 days orbit. Since 1984, the pulsar has shown a continuous spin-down rate of $\dot{P}$=-0.1177(3) mHZ/yr. I report the detection of the spin period at an average value of 180.426(1) seconds as observed with the K2 mission and confirm that the spin period continues to increase at a rate of $\sim$1.61$\times$10$^{-7}$ s/s. The K2 and hard X-rays, as observed with Swift/BAT, varied in tandem, in agreement with other authors who proposed that the optical light arise from reprocessed X-ray emission. In the case of IGR J16194-2810, the X-ray and optical spectroscopy have been interpreted as arising from a neutron star accreting from a M2 III red giant companion. Its orbital period is unknown, while I report here the detection of a modulation with a period of 242.837 min, interpreted as the neutron star spin period. IGR J16194-2810 is thus the second symbiotic X-ray binary where the spin period is detected in optical wavelengths. This period, however, was only detected during the TESS observations of Sector 12 in 2019. The non-detection of this modulation during the observations of Sector 39 in 2021 is perhaps related with the orbital modulation, i.e. a low inclination of the orbit.