Strain-induced Aharonov-Bohm effect at nanoscale and ground state of a carbon nanotube with zigzag edges

Abstract

Magnetic flux piercing a carbon nanotube induce periodic gap oscillations which represent the Aharonov-Bohm effect at nanoscale. Here we point out, by analyzing numerically the anisotropic Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice, that similar oscillations should be observable when uniaxial strain is applied to a nanotube. In both cases, a vector potential (magnetic- or strain-induced) may affect the measurable quantities at zero field. The analysis, carried out within the Gutzwiller Approximation, shows that for small semiconducting nanotube with zigzag edges and realistic value of the Hubbard repulsion ($U/t_0=1.6$, with $t_0\approx{}2.5\,$eV being the equilibrium hopping integral) energy gap can be reduced by a factor of more than $100$ due to the strain.