Spectra of axions emitted from main sequence stars

Abstract

We compute the detailed energy spectra of axions with two-photon coupling produced in stellar cores over a wide range of stellar masses. We focus on main sequence stars and base our calculations on the stellar interior profiles from MESA, for which we provide simple fits in an appendix. The obtained stellar axion spectra, combined with recent models of star formation history and stellar initial mass function, enable us to estimate the properties of the diffuse axion background sourced by all the stars in the universe. The fluxes of this stellar axion background and its decay photons are subdominant to but can in principle be disentangled from those expected from the Sun and the early universe based on their different spectral and spatial profiles.