The convergence of power matrices

Abstract

For the class of $d\times d$ matrices $B=[b_{i,j}]$ with complex nonzero entries satisfying $\sum_{i=1}^{d}|b_{i,j}|=1$, we provide the conditions for the convergence of power matrices $B^n$ to a nonzero limit matrix. In particular, for $d\geq3$ we prove that the sequence of matrices $B^n$ converges to a nonzero limit matrix if and only if all the entries are positive and real.