Formation of supermassive nuclei of Black holes in the early Universe by the mechanism of scalar-gravitational instability. I. Local picture

Abstract

Based on the formulated and proven similarity properties of cosmological models based on a statistical system of degenerate scalarly charged fermions, as well as the previously identified mechanism of scalar-gravitational instability of cosmological models, a numerical-analytical study of the formation of supermassive black hole nuclei in the early Universe was carried out. A mathematical model of the evolution of spherical perturbations is constructed, on the basis of which the main regularities of the process of evolution of collapsing masses and the dependence of the parameters of forming black holes on the fundamental parameters of the cosmological model and the wavelength of gravitational perturbations are revealed. In this case, the mass loss of the black hole due to quantum evaporation is taken into account. A stable tendency for the early formation of supermassive black hole nuclei in the class of cosmological models under study is shown, and a close connection between the growth of masses of spherical perturbations and the nature of the singular points of these models is shown. Keywords: scalarly charged plasma, cosmological model, Higgs scalar field, gravitational stability, spherical perturbations, black hole formation, evaporation.