Engineering Dynamical Phase Diagrams with Driven Lattices in Spinor Gases

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate that well-designed driven lattices are versatile tools to simultaneously tune multiple key parameters (namely spin-dependent interactions, spinor phase, and Zeeman energy) for manipulating phase diagrams of spinor gases with negligible heating and atom losses. This opens a new avenue for studying dynamical phase transitions in engineered Hamiltonians. The driven lattice creates additional separatrices in phase space at driving-frequency-determined locations, with progressively narrower separatrices at higher Zeeman energies due to modulation-induced higher harmonics. The vastly expanded range of magnetic fields at which significant spin dynamics occur and improved sensitivities at higher harmonics represent a step towards quantum sensing with ultracold gases.