Rotation curves and the dark matter problem

Abstract

The concept of dark matter in the Universe and its components has been discussed in the 1930s by several authors, and in particular by Oort (1932) and Zwicky (1933). However, it is only in the 1970s that the existence of dark matter was considered convincing, thanks in part to observations of the rotation curves of galaxies. This dark matter should be present at multiple scales, in the solar neighborhood, our Galaxy, near and distant galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and the entire Universe. The subject attracts a very large community to discover the nature of this material, without achieving it. I will present my version of the history of this subject, trying to shed light on some philosophical aspects.