K\"ahler-Ricci solitons on Fano threefolds with non-trivial moduli

Abstract

We find Fano threefolds $X$ admitting K\"ahler-Ricci solitons (KRS) with non-trivial moduli, which are $\mathbb{T}$-varieties of complexity two. More precisely, we show that the weighted K-stability of $(X,\xi_0)$ (where $\xi_0$ is the soliton candidate) is equivalent to certain GIT-stability. In particular, this provides the first examples of strictly weighted K-semistable Fano varieties. On the other hand, we generalize Koiso's theorem to the log Fano setting. Indeed, we show that the K-stability of a log Fano pair $(V,\Delta_V)$ is equivalent to the weighted K-stability of a cone $(Y, \Delta_Y, \xi_0)$ over it. This also leads to new examples of KRS Fano varieties with non-trivial moduli and small automorphism groups. To achieve these, we establish the weighted Abban-Zhuang estimate generalizing the work of \cite{AZ22}, which gives a lower bound of the weighted stability threshold $\delta^g_{\mathbb{T}}(X,\Delta)$. This is an effective way to check the weighted K-semistablity of a log Fano triple $(X,\Delta,\xi_0)$. This estimate is also useful in testing (weighted) K-polystability based on the work of \cite{BLXZ23}.