Instantaneous Frequency Estimation in Unbalanced Systems Using Affine Differential Geometry
Abstract
The paper discusses the relationships between electrical and affine differential geometry quantities, establishing a link between frequency and time derivatives of voltage, through the utilization of affine geometric invariants. Based on this link, a new instantaneous frequency estimation formula is proposed, which is particularly suited for unbalanced and single-phase systems. Several examples as well as measurements based on two real-world events illustrate the findings of the paper.
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