On $\ell$-open $C^*$ algebras and $\ell$-closed $C^*$-algebras

Abstract

In this paper, we characterize $\ell$-open and $\ell$-closed $C^*$-algebras and deduce that $\ell$-open $C^*$-algebras are $\ell$-closed, as conjectured by Blackadar. Moreover, we show that a commutative unital $C^*$-algebra is $\ell$-open if and only if it is semiprojective.