"A Nova Eletricidade: Aplicac\~oes, Riscos e Tend\encias da IA Moderna -- "The New Electricity": Applications, Risks, and Trends in Current AI
Abstract
The thought-provoking analogy between AI and electricity, made by computer scientist and entrepreneur Andrew Ng, summarizes the deep transformation that recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have triggered in the world. This chapter presents an overview of the ever-evolving landscape of AI, written in Portuguese. With no intent to exhaust the subject, we explore the AI applications that are redefining sectors of the economy, impacting society and humanity. We analyze the risks that may come along with rapid technological progress and future trends in AI, an area that is on the path to becoming a general-purpose technology, just like electricity, which revolutionized society in the 19th and 20th centuries. A provocativa comparac\~ao entre IA e eletricidade, feita pelo cientista da computac\~ao e empreendedor Andrew Ng, resume a profunda transformac\~ao que os recentes avancos em Intelig\encia Artificial (IA) t\em desencadeado no mundo. Este cap\'itulo apresenta uma vis\~ao geral pela paisagem em constante evoluc\~ao da IA. Sem pretens\~oes de exaurir o assunto, exploramos as aplicac\~oes que est\~ao redefinindo setores da economia, impactando a sociedade e a humanidade. Analisamos os riscos que acompanham o r\'apido progresso tecnol\'ogico e as tend\encias futuras da IA, \'area que trilha o caminho para se tornar uma tecnologia de prop\'osito geral, assim como a eletricidade, que revolucionou a sociedade dos s\'eculos XIX e XX.
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