Multiple integral formulas for weighted zeta moments: the case of the sixth moment

Abstract

We prove exact formulas for weighted $2k$th moments of the Riemann zeta function for all integer $k\geq 1$ in terms of the analytic continuation of an auto-correlation function. This latter enjoys several functional equations. One of them, following from a fundamental lemma of Bettin and Conrey (2013), yields to new formulas for the moments: our second main result is the case $k=3$, but there is no obstruction to obtain higher moments. This generalizes results by Titchmarsh (1928) for $k=1$ and $k=2$. A basic and powerful tool is a special Fourier transform unveiled by Ramanujan (1915). In a nutshell, the new idea is to consider the associated structures to $\Gamma^k\zeta^k$, which enjoy remarkable properties that are not satisfied by the more classically studied structure $\Gamma\zeta^k$.