Constrained Spin Systems and KNdS Black Holes

Abstract

Kerr-Newman de Sitter (KNdS) spacetimes have a rich thermodynamic structure that involves multiple horizons, and so differs in key respects from asymptotically flat or AdS black holes. In this paper, we show that certain features of KNdS spacetimes can be reproduced by a constrained system of $N$ non-interacting spins in a magnetic field. Both the KNdS and spin systems have bounded energy and entropy, a maximum of the entropy in the interior of the energy range, and a symmetry that maps lower energy states to higher energy states with the same entropy. Consequently, both systems have a temperature that can be positive or negative, where the gravitational temperature is defined analogously to that of the spins. We find that the number of spins $N$ corresponds to $1/\Lambda$ for black holes with very small charge $q$ and rotation parameter $a$, and scales like $\sqrt{(a^2+q^2)/\Lambda}$ for larger values of $a$ and $q$. By studying constrained spin systems, we provide insight into the thermodynamics of KNdS spacetimes and its quantum mechanical description.