Quark structure of isoscalar- and isovector-scalar mesons and nuclear matter property

Abstract

It was found that the isoscalar-scalar and isovector-scalar mesons play significant roles in nuclear matter physics. However, the underlying structures of these resonances are not yet well understood. We construct a three-flavor baryonic extended linear sigma model including both the two- and four-quark constitutes of scalar mesons with respect to the axial transformation and study the nuclear matter properties with relativistic mean field method. The nuclear matter properties at saturation density and hadron spectrums are well reproduced with this model simultaneously and, only the two-quark component of the scalar mesons couple to baryon fields and dominates the nuclear force. A plateau-like structure is found in the symmetry energy of nuclear matter due to the multi-meson couplings, and it's crucial for understanding the neutron skin thickness of $^{208}\rm Pb$ and the tidal deformation of neutron star from GW170817. At high density regions, the vector mesons are found to be rather crucial, especially the ones coupling with four-quark configurations. This model can be easily extended to study neutron stars, even with hyperons in their interior.