Real-space blocking of qubit variables on parallel lattice gauge theory links for quantum simulation

Abstract

One of the methods proposed in the last years for studying non-perturbative gauge theory physics is quantum simulation, where lattice gauge theories are mapped onto quantum devices which can be built in the laboratory, or quantum computers. While being very promising and already showing some experimental results, these methods still face several challenges related to the interface between the technological capabilities and the demands of the simulated models; in particular, one such challenge is the need to simulate infinitely dimensional local Hilbert spaces, describing the gauge fields on the links in the case of compact Lie gauge groups, requiring some truncations and approximations which are not completely understood or controllable in the general case. This work proposes a way to obtain arbitrarily large such local Hilbert spaces by using coarse graining of simple, low dimensional qubit systems, made of components available on most quantum simulation platforms, and thus opening the way of new types of lattice gauge theory quantum simulations.