Development of a Monte Carlo tool for simulating electron transport in noble liquids

Abstract

This study presents a Monte Carlo simulation tool for modeling the transportation processes of thermal electrons in noble liquids, specifically focusing on liquid argon and liquid xenon. The study aims to elucidate the microscopical mechanisms governing the drift and diffusion of electrons within the context of time projection chambers (TPCs), with detailed considerations of coherent electron-atom scattering and electric field force. The simulation tool is implemented in the Geant4 framework, allowing for the exploration of electron transport parameters, including drift velocity, longitudinal diffusion coefficient, and transverse diffusion coefficient. The simulation is validated by comparing its results for drift velocity and diffusion coefficients with experimental measurements, revealing good agreement in the low to moderate electric field ranges. Discrepancies in high electric field regions are discussed, highlighting the impact of impurities and the need for improved cross-section calculations. Despite some limitations, the simulation tool provides valuable insights into electron transport in noble liquids, offering a foundation for future enhancements and applications in diverse research areas.