Generalized triple product $p$-adic $L$-functions and rational points on elliptic curves

Abstract

We generalize and simplify the constructions of Darmon-Rotger and Hsieh of an unbalanced triple product $p$-adic $L$-function $\mathscr{L}_p^f(\boldsymbol{f},\boldsymbol{g},\boldsymbol{h})$ attached to a triple $(\boldsymbol{f},\boldsymbol{g},\boldsymbol{h})$ of $p$-adic families of modular forms, allowing more flexibility for the choice of $\boldsymbol{g}$ and $\boldsymbol{h}$. Assuming that $\boldsymbol{g}$ and $\boldsymbol{h}$ are families of theta series of infinite $p$-slope, we prove a factorization of (an improvement of) $\mathscr{L}_p^f(\boldsymbol{f},\boldsymbol{g},\boldsymbol{h})$ in terms of two anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-functions. As a corollary, when $\boldsymbol{f}$ specializes in weight $2$ to the newform attached to an elliptic curve $E$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ with multiplicative reduction at $p$, we relate certain Heegner points on $E$ to certain $p$-adic partial derivatives of $\mathscr{L}_p^f(\boldsymbol{f},\boldsymbol{g},\boldsymbol{h})$ evaluated at the critical triple of weights $(2,1,1)$.