Covariant field lines: a geometrical approach to electrodynamics

Abstract

This paper revisits the geometric foundations of electromagnetic theory, by studying Faraday's concept of field lines. We introduce "covariant electromagnetic field lines," a novel construct that extends traditional field line concepts to a covariant framework. Our work includes the derivation of a closed-form formula for the field line curvature in proximity to a moving electric charge, showcasing the curvature is always non-singular, including nearby a point charge. Our geometric framework leads to a geometric derivation of the Lorentz force equation and its first-order corrections, circumventing the challenges of self-force singularities and providing insights into the problem of radiation-reaction. This study not only provides a fresh geometric perspective on electromagnetic field lines but also opens avenues for future research in fields like quantum electrodynamics, gravitational field theory, and beyond.