2-Rainbow domination number of circulant graphs C(n; {1,4})

Abstract

Let $k$ be a positive integer. A $k$-rainbow domination function (kRDF) of a graph $G$ is a function $f$ from $V(G)$ to the set of all subsets of $\{1,2,\dots,k\}$ such that every vertex $v \in V(G)$ with $f(v) = \emptyset$ satisfies $\bigcup_{u \in N(v)} f(u) = \{1,2,\dots,k\}$. The weight of a $k$RDF is defined as $w(f)= \sum_{v \in V(G)} |f(v)|$. The $k$-rainbow domination number of $G$, denoted by $\gamma_{rk}(G)$, is the minimum weight of all kRDFs of $G$. In this paper, we determine the exact value of the 2-rainbow domination number of circulant graphs $C(n; \{1,4\})$, which is $\gamma_{r2}(C(n; \{1,4\})) = \lceil n/3 \rceil + \alpha$, where $\alpha = 0$ for $n \equiv 0 \pmod{6}$, $\alpha = 1$ for $n \equiv 1,2,3,5 \pmod{6}$, and $\alpha = 2$ for $n \equiv 4 \pmod{6}$.