Localization of Lindbladian Fermions

Abstract

We study a Lindbladian generalization of the Anderson model of localization that describes disordered free fermions coupled to a disordered environment. From finite size scaling of both eigenvalue statistics and participation ratio, we identify localization transitions in both the non-Hermitian Lindbladian spectrum, which governs transient relaxation dynamics, and in the Hermitian stationary state density matrix. These localization transitions occur at different critical values of Hamiltonian and dissipative disorder strength, implying the existence of atypical phases with a mixture of localized and delocalized features. We find this phenomenon is robust to changes to the value of the dissipative spectral gap.