Searching for cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio using a single $H_2$ system

Abstract

Exploring physics beyond General Relativity and the Standard Model of Particle Physics involves investigating spacetime variations in natural constants. This study employs an $H_2$-single of QSO 0347-383 observational spectrum to propose a unique approach for detecting potential changes in the proton-to-electron mass ratio. By comparing the ratio from observational and laboratory data in the Lyman-Alpha transition line, we derive a cosmological variation of $\Delta\mu / \mu = (0.120 \pm 0.144) \times 10^{-8}$ at $z_{abs}=3.025$. This approach not only advances fundamental physics understanding but also introduces innovative techniques for analyzing high-redshift QSO systems.