$q$-Equilibrium of Gas in Spacetime of Multi-horizon Black Holes

Abstract

We investigate the possibility of describing the thermal system with different temperatures for a black hole with multiple horizons. The black hole with two horizons such as Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole corresponds to two thermal systems with generically different temperatures. Then, it is not suitable to describe these systems with equilibrium thermodynamics corresponding to Gibbs-Boltzmann kinetic theory. In the present work, we investigate such thermal systems by using hydrostatic equilibrium thermodynamics. Assuming that the gas between the horizons obeys the Tsallis statistical mechanics, we found that it is possible to obtain the temperature gradient for the classical gas. Interestingly, the gas behaves as classical gas near the horizon and behaves like quantum gas around flat spacetime with constant temperature. As a result, the multi-horizon black holes in hydrostatic equilibrium can be in a stable configuration with the aspect of the $q$-kinetic theory.