Oscillating dark energy in light of the latest observations and its impact on the Hubble tension

Abstract

In this paper we have performed a comparative study of different types of oscillating dark energy models using the Metropolis algorithm of MCMC. Eight different oscillating parameterization being examined herein which have demonstrated considerable ability to fit the overall cosmological observations including Pantheon sample of SnIa, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, Cosmic Chronometer Hubble data and distance priors of Planck CMB. In order to compare the consistency of these models with observations, we have used both Akaike and Deviation information criteria. Although, the values of Akaike information criteria for different models indicate that there is no support for oscillating DE models, Deviation information criteria showed that there is significant support for some of these models. Our results showed that these models are capable of solving cosmic coincidence problem and alleviating the Hubble tension. Comparing the $H_0$ values obtained for different oscillating scenarios, with that of $\Lambda$CDM, we observe that our oscillating models led to $\bar{H_0}=69.78$ which is $0.29$ greater than $H_{0,\Lambda}$ and thus reduce the Hubble tension. Among all of models, Model(1) with $H_0=70.00 \pm 0.71$ is the most capable of alleviating the $H_0$ tension. Furthermore, we examined our models assuming $H_0=73.0 \pm 1.4$ from SHoES measurements. We find that adding this data point to our data combination, led to a $\Delta \bar{H_0}=0.95$ increase in $H_0$ value for different models.